WIP: Zend: add native defer keyword (parser/compiler + VM opcodes)

.gitignore

@@ -301,6 +301,8 @@ tmp-php.ini
 /.idea/
 /.vscode/
 /.zed/
+/.history/
+/.lh/
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Additional test build files

Zend/tests/defer/defer_001.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+--TEST--
+Basic defer functionality
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test_basic_defer() {
+    echo "Start\n";
+
+    defer {
+        echo "Deferred\n";
+    }
+
+    echo "End\n";
+}
+
+test_basic_defer();
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Start
+End
+Deferred

Zend/tests/defer/defer_002.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+--TEST--
+Multiple defers execute in LIFO order
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test_multiple_defers() {
+    echo "Start\n";
+
+    defer {
+        echo "Defer 1\n";
+    }
+
+    echo "Middle\n";
+
+    defer {
+        echo "Defer 2\n";
+    }
+
+    echo "End\n";
+}
+
+test_multiple_defers();
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Start
+Middle
+End
+Defer 2
+Defer 1

Zend/tests/defer/defer_003.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+--TEST--
+Defer executes on return
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test_defer_on_return() {
+    echo "Start\n";
+
+    defer {
+        echo "Cleanup\n";
+    }
+
+    echo "Before return\n";
+    return "Result";
+}
+
+$result = test_defer_on_return();
+echo "Got: $result\n";
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Start
+Before return
+Cleanup
+Got: Result

Zend/tests/defer/defer_004.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+--TEST--
+Defer with variable access
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test_defer_with_variables() {
+    $file = "test.txt";
+    echo "Opening $file\n";
+
+    defer {
+        echo "Closing $file\n";
+    }
+
+    echo "Processing\n";
+}
+
+test_defer_with_variables();
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Opening test.txt
+Processing
+Closing test.txt

Zend/tests/defer/defer_005.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+--TEST--
+Defer executes on exception
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test() {
+    defer {
+        echo "Defer executed\n";
+    }
+    throw new Exception("Test exception");
+}
+
+try {
+    test();
+} catch (Exception $e) {
+    echo "Caught: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Defer executed
+Caught: Test exception

Zend/tests/defer/defer_006.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+--TEST--
+Defer with loops and early return
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test($n) {
+    echo "Test $n start\n";
+
+    defer {
+        echo "Defer for test $n\n";
+    }
+
+    for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
+        echo "Loop $i\n";
+        if ($i == 2) {
+            return "Early return from $n";
+        }
+    }
+
+    return "Normal return from $n";
+}
+
+$result1 = test(1);
+echo "Result: $result1\n";
+
+$result2 = test(2);
+echo "Result: $result2\n";
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Test 1 start
+Loop 0
+Loop 1
+Loop 2
+Defer for test 1
+Result: Early return from 1
+Test 2 start
+Loop 0
+Loop 1
+Loop 2
+Defer for test 2
+Result: Early return from 2

Zend/tests/defer/defer_007.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+--TEST--
+Defer with references and modifications
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test() {
+    $counter = 0;
+    echo "Initial counter: $counter\n";
+
+    defer {
+        global $counter;
+        $counter += 10;
+        echo "Defer 1: counter = $counter\n";
+    }
+
+    defer {
+        global $counter;
+        $counter += 5;
+        echo "Defer 2: counter = $counter\n";
+    }
+
+    $counter = 100;
+    echo "Modified counter: $counter\n";
+}
+
+$counter = 0;
+test();
+echo "Final counter: $counter\n";
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Initial counter: 0
+Modified counter: 100
+Defer 2: counter = 5
+Defer 1: counter = 15
+Final counter: 15

Zend/tests/defer/defer_008.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+--TEST--
+Multiple defers execute on exception in LIFO order
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test() {
+    defer {
+        echo "Defer 1\n";
+    }
+    defer {
+        echo "Defer 2\n";
+    }
+    defer {
+        echo "Defer 3\n";
+    }
+    throw new Exception("Test");
+}
+
+try {
+    test();
+} catch (Exception $e) {
+    echo "Caught: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Defer 3
+Defer 2
+Defer 1
+Caught: Test

Zend/tests/defer/defer_009.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+--TEST--
+Defer with nested function calls and exceptions
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function inner() {
+    defer {
+        echo "Inner defer\n";
+    }
+    throw new Exception("Inner exception");
+}
+
+function outer() {
+    defer {
+        echo "Outer defer\n";
+    }
+    inner();
+}
+
+try {
+    outer();
+} catch (Exception $e) {
+    echo "Caught: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Inner defer
+Outer defer
+Caught: Inner exception

Zend/tests/defer/defer_010.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+--TEST--
+Defer can access exception variable
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test() {
+    $value = "test value";
+
+    defer {
+        echo "Defer: $value\n";
+    }
+
+    throw new Exception("Test");
+}
+
+try {
+    test();
+} catch (Exception $e) {
+    echo "Caught: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Defer: test value
+Caught: Test

Zend/tests/defer/defer_011.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+--TEST--
+Defer executes even when exception thrown in loop
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test() {
+    defer {
+        echo "Defer executed\n";
+    }
+
+    for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
+        echo "Loop $i\n";
+        if ($i == 2) {
+            throw new Exception("Loop exception");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+try {
+    test();
+} catch (Exception $e) {
+    echo "Caught: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Loop 0
+Loop 1
+Loop 2
+Defer executed
+Caught: Loop exception

Zend/tests/defer/defer_012.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+--TEST--
+Exception in defer block replaces original exception
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function test() {
+    defer {
+        echo "Defer throwing new exception\n";
+        throw new Exception("Defer exception");
+    }
+
+    throw new Exception("Original exception");
+}
+
+try {
+    test();
+} catch (Exception $e) {
+    echo "Caught: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+Defer throwing new exception
+Caught: Defer exception

Zend/tests/defer/defer_013.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+--TEST--
+Defer with recursive function calls
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function factorial($n, $depth = 0) {
+    $indent = str_repeat("  ", $depth);
+    echo "{$indent}factorial($n) start\n";
+
+    defer {
+        $indent = str_repeat("  ", $depth);
+        echo "{$indent}factorial($n) defer\n";
+    }
+
+    if ($n <= 1) {
+        echo "{$indent}factorial($n) base case\n";
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    $result = $n * factorial($n - 1, $depth + 1);
+    echo "{$indent}factorial($n) = $result\n";
+    return $result;
+}
+
+$result = factorial(4);
+echo "Final result: $result\n";
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+factorial(4) start
+  factorial(3) start
+    factorial(2) start
+      factorial(1) start
+      factorial(1) base case
+      factorial(1) defer
+    factorial(2) = 2
+    factorial(2) defer
+  factorial(3) = 6
+  factorial(3) defer
+factorial(4) = 24
+factorial(4) defer
+Final result: 24